279 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
279 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
date: "2019-10-23T17:00:00-03:00"
|
|
title: "Mail templates"
|
|
slug: "mail-templates"
|
|
sidebar_position: 45
|
|
toc: false
|
|
draft: false
|
|
aliases:
|
|
- /en-us/mail-templates
|
|
menu:
|
|
sidebar:
|
|
parent: "administration"
|
|
name: "Mail templates"
|
|
sidebar_position: 45
|
|
identifier: "mail-templates"
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# Mail templates
|
|
|
|
To craft the e-mail subject and contents for certain operations, Gitea can be customized by using templates. The templates
|
|
for these functions are located under the [`custom` directory](administration/customizing-gitea.md).
|
|
Gitea has an internal template that serves as default in case there's no custom alternative.
|
|
|
|
Custom templates are loaded when Gitea starts. Changes made to them are not recognized until Gitea is restarted again.
|
|
|
|
## Mail notifications supporting templates
|
|
|
|
Currently, the following notification events make use of templates:
|
|
|
|
| Action name | Usage |
|
|
| ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
|
|
| `new` | A new issue or pull request was created. |
|
|
| `comment` | A new comment was created in an existing issue or pull request. |
|
|
| `close` | An issue or pull request was closed. |
|
|
| `reopen` | An issue or pull request was reopened. |
|
|
| `review` | The head comment of a review in a pull request. |
|
|
| `approve` | The head comment of a approving review for a pull request. |
|
|
| `reject` | The head comment of a review requesting changes for a pull request. |
|
|
| `code` | A single comment on the code of a pull request. |
|
|
| `assigned` | User was assigned to an issue or pull request. |
|
|
| `default` | Any action not included in the above categories, or when the corresponding category template is not present. |
|
|
|
|
The path for the template of a particular message type is:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
custom/templates/mail/{action type}/{action name}.tmpl
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Where `{action type}` is one of `issue` or `pull` (for pull requests), and `{action name}` is one of the names listed above.
|
|
|
|
For example, the specific template for a mail regarding a comment in a pull request is:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
custom/templates/mail/pull/comment.tmpl
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
However, creating templates for each and every action type/name combination is not required.
|
|
A fallback system is used to choose the appropriate template for an event. The _first existing_
|
|
template on this list is used:
|
|
|
|
- The specific template for the desired **action type** and **action name**.
|
|
- The template for action type `issue` and the desired **action name**.
|
|
- The template for the desired **action type**, action name `default`.
|
|
- The template for action type `issue`, action name `default`.
|
|
|
|
The only mandatory template is action type `issue`, action name `default`, which is already embedded in Gitea
|
|
unless it's overridden by the user in the `custom` directory.
|
|
|
|
## Template syntax
|
|
|
|
Mail templates are UTF-8 encoded text files that need to follow one of the following formats:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
Text and macros for the subject line
|
|
------------
|
|
Text and macros for the mail body
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
or
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
Text and macros for the mail body
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Specifying a _subject_ section is optional (and therefore also the dash line separator). When used, the separator between
|
|
_subject_ and _mail body_ templates requires at least three dashes; no other characters are allowed in the separator line.
|
|
|
|
_Subject_ and _mail body_ are parsed by [Golang's template engine](https://golang.org/pkg/text/template/) and
|
|
are provided with a _metadata context_ assembled for each notification. The context contains the following elements:
|
|
|
|
| Name | Type | Available | Usage |
|
|
| ------------------ | ---------------- | ------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
|
| `.FallbackSubject` | string | Always | A default subject line. See Below. |
|
|
| `.Subject` | string | Only in body | The _subject_, once resolved. |
|
|
| `.Body` | string | Always | The message of the issue, pull request or comment, parsed from Markdown into HTML and sanitized. Do not confuse with the _mail body_. |
|
|
| `.Link` | string | Always | The address of the originating issue, pull request or comment. |
|
|
| `.Issue` | models.Issue | Always | The issue (or pull request) originating the notification. To get data specific to a pull request (e.g. `HasMerged`), `.Issue.PullRequest` can be used, but care should be taken as this field will be `nil` if the issue is _not_ a pull request. |
|
|
| `.Comment` | models.Comment | If applicable | If the notification is from a comment added to an issue or pull request, this will contain the information about the comment. |
|
|
| `.IsPull` | bool | Always | `true` if the mail notification is associated with a pull request (i.e. `.Issue.PullRequest` is not `nil`). |
|
|
| `.Repo` | string | Always | Name of the repository, including owner name (e.g. `mike/stuff`) |
|
|
| `.User` | models.User | Always | Owner of the repository from which the event originated. To get the user name (e.g. `mike`),`.User.Name` can be used. |
|
|
| `.Doer` | models.User | Always | User that executed the action triggering the notification event. To get the user name (e.g. `rhonda`), `.Doer.Name` can be used. |
|
|
| `.IsMention` | bool | Always | `true` if this notification was only generated because the user was mentioned in the comment, while not being subscribed to the source. It will be `false` if the recipient was subscribed to the issue or repository. |
|
|
| `.SubjectPrefix` | string | Always | `Re: ` if the notification is about other than issue or pull request creation; otherwise an empty string. |
|
|
| `.ActionType` | string | Always | `"issue"` or `"pull"`. Will correspond to the actual _action type_ independently of which template was selected. |
|
|
| `.ActionName` | string | Always | It will be one of the action types described above (`new`, `comment`, etc.), and will correspond to the actual _action name_ independently of which template was selected. |
|
|
| `.ReviewComments` | []models.Comment | Always | List of code comments in a review. The comment text will be in `.RenderedContent` and the referenced code will be in `.Patch`. |
|
|
|
|
All names are case sensitive.
|
|
|
|
### The _subject_ part of the template
|
|
|
|
The template engine used for the mail _subject_ is golang's [`text/template`](https://golang.org/pkg/text/template/).
|
|
Please refer to the linked documentation for details about its syntax.
|
|
|
|
The _subject_ is built using the following steps:
|
|
|
|
- A template is selected according to the type of notification and to what templates are present.
|
|
- The template is parsed and resolved (e.g. `{{.Issue.Index}}` is converted to the number of the issue
|
|
or pull request).
|
|
- All space-like characters (e.g. `TAB`, `LF`, etc.) are converted to normal spaces.
|
|
- All leading, trailing and redundant spaces are removed.
|
|
- The string is truncated to its first 256 runes (characters).
|
|
|
|
If the end result is an empty string, **or** no subject template was available (i.e. the selected template
|
|
did not include a subject part), Gitea's **internal default** will be used.
|
|
|
|
The internal default (fallback) subject is the equivalent of:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
{{.SubjectPrefix}}[{{.Repo}}] {{.Issue.Title}} (#{{.Issue.Index}})
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
For example: `Re: [mike/stuff] New color palette (#38)`
|
|
|
|
Gitea's default subject can also be found in the template _metadata_ as `.FallbackSubject` from any of
|
|
the two templates, even if a valid subject template is present.
|
|
|
|
### The _mail body_ part of the template
|
|
|
|
The template engine used for the _mail body_ is golang's [`html/template`](https://golang.org/pkg/html/template/).
|
|
Please refer to the linked documentation for details about its syntax.
|
|
|
|
The _mail body_ is parsed after the mail subject, so there is an additional _metadata_ field which is
|
|
the actual rendered subject, after all considerations.
|
|
|
|
The expected result is HTML (including structural elements like`<html>`, `<body>`, etc.). Styling
|
|
through `<style>` blocks, `class` and `style` attributes is possible. However, `html/template`
|
|
does some [automatic escaping](https://golang.org/pkg/html/template/#hdr-Contexts) that should be considered.
|
|
|
|
Attachments (such as images or external style sheets) are not supported. However, other templates can
|
|
be referenced too, for example to provide the contents of a `<style>` element in a centralized fashion.
|
|
The external template must be placed under `custom/mail` and referenced relative to that directory.
|
|
For example, `custom/mail/styles/base.tmpl` can be included using `{{template styles/base}}`.
|
|
|
|
The mail is sent with `Content-Type: multipart/alternative`, so the body is sent in both HTML
|
|
and text formats. The latter is obtained by stripping the HTML markup.
|
|
|
|
## Troubleshooting
|
|
|
|
How a mail is rendered is directly dependent on the capabilities of the mail application. Many mail
|
|
clients don't even support HTML, so they show the text version included in the generated mail.
|
|
|
|
If the template fails to render, it will be noticed only at the moment the mail is sent.
|
|
A default subject is used if the subject template fails, and whatever was rendered successfully
|
|
from the the _mail body_ is used, disregarding the rest.
|
|
|
|
Please check [Gitea's logs](administration/logging-config.md) for error messages in case of trouble.
|
|
|
|
## Example
|
|
|
|
`custom/templates/mail/issue/default.tmpl`:
|
|
|
|
```html
|
|
[{{.Repo}}] @{{.Doer.Name}}
|
|
{{if eq .ActionName "new"}}
|
|
created
|
|
{{else if eq .ActionName "comment"}}
|
|
commented on
|
|
{{else if eq .ActionName "close"}}
|
|
closed
|
|
{{else if eq .ActionName "reopen"}}
|
|
reopened
|
|
{{else}}
|
|
updated
|
|
{{end}}
|
|
{{if eq .ActionType "issue"}}
|
|
issue
|
|
{{else}}
|
|
pull request
|
|
{{end}}
|
|
#{{.Issue.Index}}: {{.Issue.Title}}
|
|
------------
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html>
|
|
<head>
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
|
<title>{{.Subject}}</title>
|
|
</head>
|
|
|
|
<body>
|
|
{{if .IsMention}}
|
|
<p>
|
|
You are receiving this because @{{.Doer.Name}} mentioned you.
|
|
</p>
|
|
{{end}}
|
|
<p>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a href="{{AppUrl}}/{{.Doer.LowerName}}">@{{.Doer.Name}}</a>
|
|
{{if not (eq .Doer.FullName "")}}
|
|
({{.Doer.FullName}})
|
|
{{end}}
|
|
{{if eq .ActionName "new"}}
|
|
created
|
|
{{else if eq .ActionName "close"}}
|
|
closed
|
|
{{else if eq .ActionName "reopen"}}
|
|
reopened
|
|
{{else}}
|
|
updated
|
|
{{end}}
|
|
<a href="{{.Link}}">{{.Repo}}#{{.Issue.Index}}</a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
{{if not (eq .Body "")}}
|
|
<h3>Message content:</h3>
|
|
<hr>
|
|
{{.Body | Str2html}}
|
|
{{end}}
|
|
</p>
|
|
<hr>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a href="{{.Link}}">View it on Gitea</a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
This template produces something along these lines:
|
|
|
|
### Subject
|
|
|
|
> [mike/stuff] @rhonda commented on pull request #38: New color palette
|
|
|
|
### Mail body
|
|
|
|
> [@rhonda](#) (Rhonda Myers) updated [mike/stuff#38](#).
|
|
>
|
|
> #### Message content:
|
|
>
|
|
> \_********************************\_********************************
|
|
>
|
|
> Mike, I think we should tone down the blues a little.
|
|
> \_********************************\_********************************
|
|
>
|
|
> [View it on Gitea](#).
|
|
|
|
## Advanced
|
|
|
|
The template system contains several functions that can be used to further process and format
|
|
the messages. Here's a list of some of them:
|
|
|
|
| Name | Parameters | Available | Usage |
|
|
| ---------------- | ----------- | --------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
|
| `AppUrl` | - | Any | Gitea's URL |
|
|
| `AppName` | - | Any | Set from `app.ini`, usually "Gitea" |
|
|
| `AppDomain` | - | Any | Gitea's host name |
|
|
| `EllipsisString` | string, int | Any | Truncates a string to the specified length; adds ellipsis as needed |
|
|
| `Str2html` | string | Body only | Sanitizes text by removing any HTML tags from it. |
|
|
| `Safe` | string | Body only | Takes the input as HTML; can be used for `.ReviewComments.RenderedContent`. |
|
|
|
|
These are _functions_, not metadata, so they have to be used:
|
|
|
|
```html
|
|
Like this: {{Str2html "Escape<my>text"}}
|
|
Or this: {{"Escape<my>text" | Str2html}}
|
|
Or this: {{AppUrl}}
|
|
But not like this: {{.AppUrl}}
|
|
```
|