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githaven-fork/docs/content/doc/features/comparison.zh-cn.md
Jason Song 4011821c94
Implement actions (#21937) 
Close #13539.

Co-authored by: @lunny @appleboy @fuxiaohei and others.

Related projects:
- https://gitea.com/gitea/actions-proto-def
- https://gitea.com/gitea/actions-proto-go
- https://gitea.com/gitea/act
- https://gitea.com/gitea/act_runner

### Summary

The target of this PR is to bring a basic implementation of "Actions",
an internal CI/CD system of Gitea. That means even though it has been
merged, the state of the feature is **EXPERIMENTAL**, and please note
that:

- It is disabled by default;
- It shouldn't be used in a production environment currently;
- It shouldn't be used in a public Gitea instance currently;
- Breaking changes may be made before it's stable.

**Please comment on #13539 if you have any different product design
ideas**, all decisions reached there will be adopted here. But in this
PR, we don't talk about **naming, feature-creep or alternatives**.

### ⚠️ Breaking

`gitea-actions` will become a reserved user name. If a user with the
name already exists in the database, it is recommended to rename it.

### Some important reviews

- What is `DEFAULT_ACTIONS_URL` in `app.ini` for?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1055954954
- Why the api for runners is not under the normal `/api/v1` prefix?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1061173592
- Why DBFS?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1061301178
- Why ignore events triggered by `gitea-actions` bot?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1063254103
- Why there's no permission control for actions?
  - https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/21937#discussion_r1090229868

### What it looks like

<details>

#### Manage runners

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205870657-c72f590e-2e08-4cd4-be7f-2e0abb299bbf.png">

#### List runs

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205872794-50fde990-2b45-48c1-a178-908e4ec5b627.png">


#### View logs

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205872501-9b7b9000-9542-4991-8f55-18ccdada77c3.png">



</details>

### How to try it

<details>

#### 1. Start Gitea

Clone this branch and [install from
source](https://docs.gitea.io/en-us/install-from-source).

Add additional configurations in `app.ini` to enable Actions:

```ini
[actions]
ENABLED = true
```

Start it.

If all is well, you'll see the management page of runners:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205877365-8e30a780-9b10-4154-b3e8-ee6c3cb35a59.png">


#### 2. Start runner

Clone the [act_runner](https://gitea.com/gitea/act_runner), and follow
the
[README](https://gitea.com/gitea/act_runner/src/branch/main/README.md)
to start it.

If all is well, you'll see a new runner has been added:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205878000-216f5937-e696-470d-b66c-8473987d91c3.png">

#### 3. Enable actions for a repo

Create a new repo or open an existing one, check the `Actions` checkbox
in settings and submit.

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205879705-53e09208-73c0-4b3e-a123-2dcf9aba4b9c.png">
<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205879383-23f3d08f-1a85-41dd-a8b3-54e2ee6453e8.png">

If all is well, you'll see a new tab "Actions":

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205881648-a8072d8c-5803-4d76-b8a8-9b2fb49516c1.png">

#### 4. Upload workflow files

Upload some workflow files to `.gitea/workflows/xxx.yaml`, you can
follow the [quickstart](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/quickstart)
of GitHub Actions. Yes, Gitea Actions is compatible with GitHub Actions
in most cases, you can use the same demo:

```yaml
name: GitHub Actions Demo
run-name: ${{ github.actor }} is testing out GitHub Actions 🚀
on: [push]
jobs:
  Explore-GitHub-Actions:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - run: echo "🎉 The job was automatically triggered by a ${{ github.event_name }} event."
      - run: echo "🐧 This job is now running on a ${{ runner.os }} server hosted by GitHub!"
      - run: echo "🔎 The name of your branch is ${{ github.ref }} and your repository is ${{ github.repository }}."
      - name: Check out repository code
        uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - run: echo "💡 The ${{ github.repository }} repository has been cloned to the runner."
      - run: echo "🖥️ The workflow is now ready to test your code on the runner."
      - name: List files in the repository
        run: |
          ls ${{ github.workspace }}
      - run: echo "🍏 This job's status is ${{ job.status }}."
```

If all is well, you'll see a new run in `Actions` tab:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205884473-79a874bc-171b-4aaf-acd5-0241a45c3b53.png">

#### 5. Check the logs of jobs

Click a run and you'll see the logs:

<img width="1792" alt="image"
src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/9418365/205884800-994b0374-67f7-48ff-be9a-4c53f3141547.png">

#### 6. Go on

You can try more examples in [the
documents](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions)
of GitHub Actions, then you might find a lot of bugs.

Come on, PRs are welcome.

</details>

See also: [Feature Preview: Gitea
Actions](https://blog.gitea.io/2022/12/feature-preview-gitea-actions/)

---------

Co-authored-by: a1012112796 <1012112796@qq.com>
Co-authored-by: Lunny Xiao <xiaolunwen@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: delvh <dev.lh@web.de>
Co-authored-by: ChristopherHX <christopher.homberger@web.de>
Co-authored-by: John Olheiser <john.olheiser@gmail.com>
2023-01-31 09:45:19 +08:00

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---
date: "2019-02-14T11:51:04+08:00"
title: "横向对比 Gitea 与其它 Git 托管工具"
slug: "comparison"
weight: 5
toc: false
draft: false
menu:
sidebar:
parent: "features"
name: "横向对比"
weight: 5
identifier: "comparison"
---
# 横向对比 Gitea 与其它 Git 托管工具
这里列出了 Gitea 与其它一些 Git 托管工具之间的异同，以便确认 Gitea 是否能够满足您的需求。
请注意，此列表中的某些表项可能已经过时，因为我们并没有定期检查其它产品的功能是否有所更改。你可以前往 [Github issue](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues) 来帮助我们更新过时的内容，感谢！
_表格中的符号含义:_
* _✓ - 支持_
* _⁄ - 部分支持_
* _✘ - 不支持_
* _? - 不确定_
#### 主要特性
| 特性 | Gitea | Gogs | GitHub EE | GitLab CE | GitLab EE | BitBucket | RhodeCode CE |
| --------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- | ---- | --------- | --------- | --------- | -------------- | ------------ |
| 开源免费 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ |
| 低资源开销 (RAM/CPU) | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 支持多种数据库 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ⁄ | ⁄ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 支持多种操作系统 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ |
| 升级简便 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ |
| 支持 Markdown | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 支持 Orgmode | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ? |
| 支持 CSV | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ? |
| 支持第三方渲染工具 | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ? |
| Git 驱动的静态 pages | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/302) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| Git 驱动的集成化 wiki | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ (cloud only) | ✘ |
| 部署令牌 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 仓库写权限令牌 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 内置容器 Registry | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 外部 Git 镜像 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| WebAuthn (2FA) | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ? |
| 内置 CI/CD | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 子组织：组织内的组织 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/1872) | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ |
#### 代码管理
| 特性 | Gitea | Gogs | GitHub EE | GitLab CE | GitLab EE | BitBucket | RhodeCode CE |
| ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ---- | --------- | --------- | --------- | --------- | ------------ |
| 仓库主题描述 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 仓库内代码搜索 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 全局代码搜索 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Git LFS 2.0 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 组织里程碑 | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 细粒度用户角色 (例如 Code, Issues, Wiki) | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 提交人的身份验证 | ⁄ | ✘ | ? | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| GPG 签名的提交 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| SSH 签名的提交 | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ? | ? |
| 拒绝未用通过验证的提交 | [✓](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/9708) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 仓库活跃度页面 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 分支管理 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 建立新分支 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 在线代码编辑 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 提交的统计图表 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 模板仓库 | [✓](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/8768) | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
#### 工单管理
| 特性 | Gitea | Gogs | GitHub EE | GitLab CE | GitLab EE | BitBucket | RhodeCode CE |
| ------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- | --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------- | -------------- | ------------ |
| 工单跟踪 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ (cloud only) | ✘ |
| 工单模板 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 标签 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 时间跟踪 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 支持多个负责人 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 关联的工单 | ✘ | ✘ | ⁄ | [✓](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/user/project/issues/related_issues.html) | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 私密工单 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/3217) | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 评论反馈 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 锁定讨论 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 工单批处理 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 工单看板 | [✓](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/8346) | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 从工单创建分支 | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 工单搜索 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 工单全局搜索 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/2434) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 工单依赖关系 | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 通过 Email 创建工单 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/6226) | [✘](https://github.com/gogs/gogs/issues/2602) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 服务台 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/6219) | ✘ | ✘ | [✓](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/3103) | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
#### Pull/Merge requests
| 特性 | Gitea | Gogs | GitHub EE | GitLab CE | GitLab EE | BitBucket | RhodeCode CE |
| ------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------- | ---- | --------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------ |
| Pull/Merge requests | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Squash merging | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | [✓](https://docs.gitlab.com/ce/user/project/merge_requests/squash_and_merge.html) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Rebase merging | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ⁄ | ✘ | ✓ |
| 评论 Pull/Merge request 中的某行代码 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 指定 Pull/Merge request 的审核人 | ✓ | ✘ | ⁄ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 解决 Merge 冲突 | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/5158) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 限制某些用户的 push 和 merge 权限 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ⁄ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 回退某些 commits 或 merge request | [✓](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/5158) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| Pull/Merge requests 模板 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 查看 Cherry-picking 的更改 | [✓](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/5158) | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 下载 Patch | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | [/](https://jira.atlassian.com/plugins/servlet/mobile#issue/BCLOUD-8323) | ✘ |
#### 第三方集成
| 特性 | Gitea | Gogs | GitHub EE | GitLab CE | GitLab EE | BitBucket | RhodeCode CE |
| -------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- | --------- | --------- | --------- | --------- | ------------ |
| 支持 Webhook | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 自定义 Git 钩子 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 集成 AD / LDAP | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 支持多个 LDAP / AD 服务 | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| LDAP 用户同步 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| SAML 2.0 service provider | [✘](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/5512) | [✘](https://github.com/gogs/gogs/issues/1221) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 支持 OpenId 连接 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ? | ✘ |
| 集成 OAuth 2.0（外部授权） | ✓ | ✘ | ⁄ | ✓ | ✓ | ? | ✓ |
| 作为 OAuth 2.0 provider | [✓](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/5378) | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 二次验证 (2FA) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 集成 Mattermost/Slack | ✓ | ✓ | ⁄ | ✓ | ✓ | ⁄ | ✓ |
| 集成 Discord | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ | ✘ |
| 集成 Microsoft Teams | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✘ |
| 显示外部 CI/CD 的状态 | ✓ | ✘ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
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