Every form in the ERPNext has standard set of fields. If you need to capture some information, but there is no standard field available for it, you can insert Custom Field in a form as per your requirement.
In the Customize Form, select Document Type in which you want to insert Custom Field. Let's assume we are inserting Custom Field in the Employee master.
Custom Field's name will be set based on its Label. If you want to create Custom Field with specific name, but with different label, then you should first set Label as you want Field Name to be set. After Custom Field is saved, you can edit the Field Label again.
Click [here]({{docs_base_url}}/user/manual/en/customize-erpnext/articles/field-types.html) to learn more about types of field you can set for your Custom Field.
If you are creating a Link field, then in the Options, enter Doctype name with which this field will be linked. Click [here]({{docs_base_url}}/user/manual/en/customize-erpnext/articles/creating-custom-link-field.html) to learn more about creating custom link field.
If field type is set as Select (drop down field), then all he possible result for this field should be listed in the Options field. Each possible result should be separate by row.
1. Mandatory: If checked, entering data in the custom field will be mandatory.
1. Print Hide: If checked, this field will be hidden from the Standard Print Format. To make field visible in the Standard Print Format, uncheck this field.
After inserting required details for the Custom Field, Update Customize Form. On update, Custom Field will be inserting in the form, Employee master in this case. Before checking Employee form, reload your ERPNext account. After reload, check Employee form to see Custom Field in a form.
Given a permission, user will be able to delete Custom Fields. Incase Custom Field is deleted by mistake, if you add another Custom Field with same name. Then you shall see new field auto-mapped with old-deleted Custom Field.